Thursday, October 31, 2019

Change Management towards a Successful Merger Essay

Change Management towards a Successful Merger - Essay Example This will be achieved by undertaking a questionnaire based survey in organisations that have undergone mergers and by undertaking in-depth analyses of case studies selected using non-probability sampling methods. There are limitations to using both questionnaires and the non-probability sampling methods, however by contacting the human resources departments, the study is increasing the probability of gaining a valid response; and whilst the non-probability sampling method may not produce statistically significant results, the case studies are part of a qualitative study, and it would be beyond the scope and resources of this study to undertake a study that would produce statistical significance. Organisational values are more important in the personal and societal context within which business operates. It is becoming more important to identify the organisation and what it stands for the customer, and these values are important to the majority of stakeholders (Barrett). Organisational culture is also important for determining an organisation's capacity, effectiveness and longevity (Woodbury 2006), and it also contributes significantly to the organisation's brand image. When this culture does not align with mission, core values, and operational strategy it can turn into a significant liability for the organisation, and this is more pronounced when the organisation undergoes change (Woodbury 2006). Therefore culture change is a result of the organisation moving away from its original mission, goals, and strategies, a process which is more associated with mergers. When the culture change occurs the organisation has to focus on building the values of the new organisation and th is involves; making the organisation's values meet the society's expectations, making values meet the needs of new shareholders, attracting the best people/employees for the organisation and retaining the best people (Barrett). Value building is even more important when an organisation is undergoing a culture change as it can affect how existing employees feel about the organisation and it will also affect the ability of the organisation to attract the best employees. Research has shown that corporate performance is strongly correlated with employee fulfilment, with 39% of corporate performance variability being attributed to the personal fulfilment of employees (Barrett). Employee fulfilment is also strongly correlated with the leadership skills and emotional intelligence of managers, with 69% of employee fulfilment variability being attributed to qualities of leadership of the manager or supervisor (Barrett). With these figures, organisations need be aware of the mechanisms for value building and culture change which include ensuring employee fulfilment by providing: physical fulfilment (remuneration, canteen, gym), emotional fulfilment (professional growth, work appreciation), mental fulfilment (accountability, creativity and personal growth), spiritual fulfilment (opportunity to be service) (Barrett). During a change management process, the organisation undertakes a variety of processes to make this process effect. The engineering process of value building

Monday, October 28, 2019

Soft Drinks India Essay Example for Free

Soft Drinks India Essay According to the ‘Product Insights: Soft Drinks in India’ report, The global soft drinks market grew at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3. 45% from 2005 to 2009 and was valued at $494. 5 billion in 2009. New product launches in the global soft drinks market increased by 8. 59% in 2009. The US was the top country by retail sales as well as by number of new product launches, followed by Japan which ranked second in both categories. Globally, India ranked 25th in terms of retail sales and 13th in terms of the number of new product launches in the soft drinks market in 2009. In spite of India’s huge population and the fact that around 47% of the population is composed of persons below 30 years of age, the per-capita consumption of soft drinks in India remains very low, at approximately at 5. 2 liters against the world average of nearly 85. 22 liters. Developed countries such as the US, Germany, Italy and Spain all have per-capita consumption in the range of 280-400 liters, showcasing the huge potential for market growth in India. Coca-Cola remains the market leader in the carbonates category with a market share of more than 60% in the Indian market, followed by Pepsi with around 35%. In the bottled water category, Parle’s Bisleri and Kinley from Coca-Cola are the leading players. The packaged juices market in India continues to be dominated by Maaza and Frooti, followed by brands such as Slice, Tropicana and Real which have registered good growths in their market shares in the past few years. Red Bull with its strong dominance of the energy drinks’ category, which is the largest segment in the functional drinks category, is the market leader in the functional drinks market. Considering the overall development of the Indian soft drinks market, a comparison can be drawn between various soft drink categories based on the major consumer segment for each category using age and economic status as the two judging criterion. For instance, while carbonates are consumed by consumers from almost all economic segments and ages in the India, considering the various packaging sizes and price points for these products, segments such as energy drinks and sports drinks are mainly consumed in the age group of around 24 years who are on the higher side in terms of economic status, i.e. working executives and the affluent class. Based on these trends, a comparison chart can be drawn between the different soft drink categories in India as given below: 60 years Juices 40 years Carbonate Nutraceutic al Drinks Carbonate X-Axis: Consumer Economic Segment Y-Axis: Consumer Age Group Juices 24 years Carbonate 15 years Middle Working Executives/Upper Middle Class Energy Drinks and Sports Drinks Affluent. Current Situation: According to the ‘Product Insights: Soft Drinks in India’ report from Datamonitor, With improving literacy rates, consumers have become increasingly aware of health and fitnessrelated issues. Additionally, due to greater disposable incomes, particularly in urban areas, consumers are seeking healthier beverages even if they are relatively more expensive, due to their positioning. Raising awareness levels with regard to obesity and other weight related health issues in the last decade, especially amongst teenagers and young adults, has helped push sales of non-carbonates. Sales of noncarbonated drinks also got a boost from the pesticide controversy which led some consumers to switch loyalties from carbonates to juices, functional drinks etc. Products such as Juice are now fast becoming as an essential part of breakfast table with urban families. Leading beverage corporations such as Cocacola and PepsiCo have identified this trend and are adopting strategies to benefit from this development. Previously, product strategy of these large corporations was largely Cola based; given that a large part of their product volumes would come from the carbonates segment. However, in the last few years, with the strong growth in the non-carbonate sector and tapering of growth within the cola segment companies such as PepsiCo have announced plans of moving towards a well diversified portfolio by increasing the volume share of other soft drink segments including juices, functional drinks and other products with health benefits etc. This is evident from the strong marketing campaigns which preceded the launch of brands such as Tropicana and Minute Maid. Growing consumer awareness about the harmful effects of artificial ingredients in food and beverages has fueled the demand for ‘natural’ or ‘free from’ products over the last few years. According to Datamonitor’s latest consumer survey, 62% of respondents globally are influenced by the claims of ‘no artificial additives including colors, flavorings and preservatives’ when making food and beverage choices. The survey further reveals that the ‘natural/organic’ claim influences the major proportion of consumers in developing countries like Brazil and China, and a significant proportion in developed economies like the US and the UK. In line with the trends as reflected in the report, several new brands such as Nimbooz, Minute Maid Nimbu Fresh, and Cocojal (from Jain Agro) have been launched in the past few years in the Indian market. These recent entrants have used the ‘natural’ claim to market their product with consumers, with products being modeled on traditional Indian drinks. For instance, Nimbooz is based on the traditional lemon drink consumed in homes and the ads reflect the natural flavors and the ‘homemade like’ taste of the product. Product Launches/Marketing Strategies: As per the ‘Product Insights: Soft Drinks in India’ report from Datamonitor, US, followed by Japan were the top countries in terms of new product launches as well as by market value. India was ranked 13th by new product launches and 25th by market value. India had the third highest percentage growth (11%) in global soft drinks market in 2009 in terms of value. The figure below depicts the top 10 countries based on number of new products launched in the soft drinks market in 2009. Figure 1: 2009 20% 18% 16% 14% 12% % contribution 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% Top 10 countries based on number of new soft drinks product launches, Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5 Rank 6 Rank 7 Rank 8 Rank 9 Rank 10 US Japan China UK Germany Russia France Canada Italy Brazil Rank 13 India Source: Datamonitor’s Product Launch Analytics DATAMONITOR In addition to health related product launches, manufacturers are also using innovative marketing strategies to reach out to a larger consumer base. For example, Real juices used Disney characters for the promotion of its fruit juices amongst school going kids. Booster Juice, an international company which manufactures smoothies has used an innovative marketing initiative by signing the only Indian ‘Ultraman’ athlete (Ultraman is a title conferred for completion of a combination of high endurance athletic events such as long-distance triathlon etc. ), Anu Vaidyanathan as its brand ambassador for its smoothies promoting the importance of nutrition and fitness through its brands. Similarly, Dabur has signed Zaheer Khan, a leading Indian cricketer as the brand ambassador for its energy drink brand, Dabur Glucose. Coca-Cola in its recent Ad campaign used a traditional Indian art form, Warli to capture the mood of the festive season of Diwali. It also has several marketing initiatives such as offers of free home trips to participants from any part of the country etc. Considering that the soft drinks sector in India is seasonal and sales pick up a bit after during the festive season, most players in the market are actively campaigning to capture this demand. On-Trade: Apart from the retail market, foodservice or on-trade sector appears to be another lucrative avenue for manufacturers to cash in on the growing demand for soft drinks in India. Segments such as carbonates, energy drinks, bottled water etc. already enjoy a high share from the on-trade segment. However, for categories such as juice, which is in its nascent stage in the country, the on-trade sector promises a huge potential for growth. The juice bar model is similar to the cafe outlets such as Barista and Coffee Day chains and these enterprises aim to replicate the success of the latter to provide a healthier alternative. Figure consciousness being the latest fad, these juice bars appears to be the ideal place to visit after a grueling work-out at the gym for students and executives. This model is already a big hit in the western markets with players such as ‘Jamba Juice’ and ‘Smoothie King’ garnering good volumes in the US market. Currently, places with large footfalls such as shopping malls, office complexes and convention centers have juice bar joints in India. Apart from these, there are a few independent juice bar chains that are coming up in different parts of the country. Retail outlets such as ‘Amorettos’ in Delhi, ‘HAS Juice bar’ in Mumbai and ‘Bloom Juices’ in Mohali and multinational chains such as ‘New Zealand Naturals’ fall under the juice bar category. Apart from offering the regular fresh fruit juices, these outlets also offer exotic options such as ‘Fresh Wheat Grass’, ‘Fat Free Smoothies’ and ayurvedic herb based natural fruit juices in their menu. The benefits with each of these different juices are clearly explained so that the customers have greater awareness about the ideal juices for themselves. Similarly, other categories such as RTD teas, coffees etc. can be a hit with consumers in the on-trade sector. While the foodservice establishments offer the advantage of more information and hygienic conditions they are still far behind when it comes to price competition with the unorganized sector outlets such as road side juice shops. The price in these outlets as compared to the unorganized sector for a product like juice is higher by 3-4 times. This becomes a critical factor for the success amongst the price conscious Indian consumers. This sector has to come up with initiatives which increase awareness levels amongst consumers regarding the health benefits etc. offered through their products in order to gain acceptance in the Indian market. ENDS – This is based on Datamonitor’s analysis and inputs from Datamonitor’s latest report ‘Soft drinks in India. ’ For further information on this title, please contact Aartee Sundheep on +91 40 6672 9586 or [emailprotected] com.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Performance Appraisal Of HBL Commerce Essay

Performance Appraisal Of HBL Commerce Essay Performance Appraisal means to evaluate employees present performance and according to the standards given.At HBL performance appraisal is formal interaction between supervisor/ Manager and employees in an organized way. At HBL performance Appraisal conducted annually for all the employees. Appraisal is conducted by line manager and directors are appraised by CEO which further appraised by the chairman of the bank. If we look towards the branches of banks located in different areas, each branch manager evaluate the performance of their employees of their particular branch by keep on connecting with line manager which evaluate employees who conducted these performance evaluation. Line manager forward to regional office where he sends to human resource department where all appraisals are finalized and issued. HBL use KPIs or targets which they give annually to employees as a criteria such as business results, customers and employees) to appraise their employees and measure their employee performance by observation the achieved targets out of 100% which is standard or a benchmark that is quality of work, team work, goal fulfillments, performance, customer services, behavior with colleagues and supervisors/managers and growth. HBL process of performance appraisal system is they define their expectations, and then they measure or evaluate and provide feedback and hence their performance recorded. They judge their employee on achieving the annual targets which have provided them to achieve, even managers evaluate the performance of employee by behavior of employees and punctuality and how productive they are, how knowledgeable employees are or are they satisfying their employees by giving time to them and the way they dress up. HBL has assigned different weight ages out of 100, employee doing more than 100 or achieving target more than the benchmark that is an excellent job employee performing but if employee performing average discussion takes place between manager and its subordinate if employee becomes defensive, manager could easily sort out through his managerial skills. HR is responsible for training of supervisors to improve their appraisal skills. HBL use GRAPHICAL RATING SCALE METHOD or RANKING METHOD for appraising performance of an employee. HBLs Graphic Rating Scale method appraisal form contains three sheets; one is FORM B1, FORM B2, and FORM B3. Form B1: contains information about employees or the criteria through which employee should appraise. Form B2: contains two points through which they evaluate performance, i.e., FACTORS through which they determine if employee is productive or how the job is performing or the employee knows how to use technology he is being assessed and to see how responsive is an employee towards customers and motivated or dedicated to work and even employees are appraised through the factor of their own personality, i.e., how punctual employee is, behavior, personal hygiene. Even another criteria is determined on the B2 Form is the level of achievement s points being 4 the highest or 1 the least in form of grading A the highest which is 4 and D the lowest consider 1. FORM B3: This form contains the supervisor comments or evaluate the overall performance by given the grading(A,B,C,D) and appraise the comments in the form of agree/disagree then after evaluation is finalized in form signatures take by supervisor who conducted and send to the Hr department. HBL even use Ranking method to appraise their employees in which ranks employee from best to worst on the characteristics and skills. It is the most popular method, in which firstly, list all subordinates to be rated and in this method those names are not included which are well enough to rank. In ranking form indicates the employee measures on highest and lowest, then, choose the next highest and the next lowest. HBL also use Forced Distribution Method is also call bell curved. In this method you place given percentages of ratees into different performance categories. By forced distribution method as demonstrated by manager for example that manager must rate its employees under him according to following distribution: 10% low, 20% below average, 40%average, 20% above average, 10%high.. It reflects the normal curve, a small percentage of group is to be placed on (best and worst performers) larger percentages of ratees are placed toward the middle of the performance distribution. It is used for high executive level Vice president and above him in HBL.A separate bell curve is developed according to function/branch category/division and group. http://managementpocketbooks.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/image5.png MBO (Management By Objectives) also used by HBL in which objectives are told to the management and employees what targets they have to achieve. This method is easy to evaluate the performance of employees according to the goals and objectives have been told to them and how much they achieved. HBL use MBO to increase performance. MBO includes tracking and feedback  in the process to reach objectives and also for pay for performance. Steps of MBO: STEP1: Review organizational objectives HBLs objective is to make customer satisfy and to create value for them. STEP2: Set Objectives To earn profit for the organization STEP3: Monitor progress †¢Less complaints †¢Timely service is provided †¢Monthly revenue and cost STEP4: Evaluate performance How efficiently or effectively employee achieve his goals and targets Then his/ her appraised with the goals allocated as benchmark to achieve   STEP5: Give rewards †¢Promotion †¢Special salary increase †¢Cash price Problems HBL goes through while making performance appraisal are the employee participation, feedback-seeking and unclear goals and standards, regency effects. Promotable or UN -promotable appraisal interviews both conducted in HBL. PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM http://www.da.ks.gov/pmp/images/circle.png Performance management is the process to identify, measure, and develop the performance of the employees in an organization. Basically we are trying to figure out how well employees perform and then to ultimately improve that performance level. When used correctly, performance management is a systematic analysis and measurement of worker performance (including communication of that assessment to the individual) that we use to improve performance over time. Performance management at HBL is a forward looking process for setting goals and regularly checking progress towards achieving those goals. At HBL it is a continual feedback process whereby the observed outputs are measured and compared with the desired goals. Performance management ensures that goals are consistently being met. Performance management at HBL is to evaluate employees to reach their goals and through which company performs better .In HBLs performance management model employees are given opportunities to work on harder projects, paired less-skilled employees with expert employees and employees can direct and make decisions. At HBL growth does not matter but performance does. Tools used by HBL for performance management are: Developmental goal setting Ongoing performance monitoring Ongoing feedback Coaching and support Performance appraisal Rewards, recognition, and compensation At HBL if employee performing good he gets an increment of 10% annually. They monthly evaluate the performance which is effective for the employees to work best. Managers and Supervisors keep on giving their constructive feedback to increase employees performance. HBL performance management system covers all employees under the function sales, operational, finance, Hr, administration. Purpose of Performance Management System To access the performance Basis for reward (Increment Bonus) Basis for promotion Placement Ascertain training and development needs The results of process measured by with the will help in measuring the performance, based on balanced measure approach and to standardize format across the organization, which is the ranking method or graphical rating method, it depends on employee performance on average, below average, low or good. HR performance Management System helps in increasing profit and Reducing Hr turnover.HR measured their satisfaction level through exit interview which can be good, excellent or poor. There is no involvement of stakeholders in ensuring performance management system. PROBLEMS AND RECOMMENDATIONS There are some flaws in the appraisal system of the bank. In appraisal form of the bank the supervisor enjoy great powers. No body can check his evaluation. The Appraise and appraiser does not sit before each other when supervisor evaluates the performance of the employees. An employee does not have the right to appeal against the supervisor on how he had been marked. . RECOMMENDATION The appraisal form should be based according to the Relevance material, Reliability Acceptability. The employees should have right to appeal against the supervisor if he thinks that he is wrongly evaluated.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

The Price Of Freedom :: essays research papers

What is the price of freedom that was paid, and is being paid? Freedom was paid with anguish, pain, time, and lives. We, the inhabitants of America, are fortunate to see this land where we have unalienable human rights that are just basic and essential statutes. There is always a cost for something; furthermore there is a price on our freedom. We pay taxes, follow the land and society ¡Ã‚ ¯s regulations, vote, and so on. The topic of importance and eminence is how, why, and what paid for our freedom. Women have come a long way from being  ¡Ã‚ °House-Wives. ¡Ã‚ ± In many countries, women have little or no power, or role. Furthermore, that is why this country, America, gives freedom to women to carry their own individual dreams out. They paid for their current freedom, suffrage, and liberty by peaceful, yet passionate and touching demonstrating. They have paved the way for the future to evolve and develop. Immigrants have paid for their freedom by working, or literally paying for it. It costs these new immigrants a pretty penny to migrate to the so-called  ¡Ã‚ °Land of Opportunity, ¡Ã‚ ± and worked harder than anyone else just to exist and survive here. New societal regulations and government rules just make it harder for newcomers to assimilate to their new lives. This country is built on immigration and their hard labor work, using people ranging from Black slaves to Hispanic workers on the streets waiting for jobs. Furthermore, without them many tasks would have not been achieved. The Chinese for example migrated here and built the first railroads, in addition they worked on sugar plantations of Hawaii, only increasing Uncle Sam ¡Ã‚ ¯s wallet. All for their freedom and liberty in America. World War I, World War II, Vietnam War, Korean War, American Revolution, Civil War, French & Indian War, and so on. These wars all occurred for one main reason, to protect the people and their endowed rights. If brave and courageous warriors did not step on to the battlefield, and sacrifice themselves to their country, who knows what could have happened.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Breastfeeding Vs. Formula Feeding Essay

Feeding your new baby is one of the first activities you accomplish as a mom. As a new parent, it is your responsibility to make sure your baby will get off to a good nutritional start. To do that means, you must decide what is best for you and your baby, whether to breastfeed, or to formula feed. Both choices have pros and cons, but it is totally up to you to choose which is best for you and your child. There is no doubt that breastfeeding contains all the nutrients your baby needs for proper growth and development. Studies prove that breast milk provides optimal health benefits for your newborn. Mother’s milk is easily digested, has perfectly matched nutrition for the baby, and is filled with antibodies that protect against infection. Further more, breastfed babies are less likely to suffer from ear infections, diaper rash, and intestinal upsets. In addition, breast milk offers immune system boosters and fatty acids specific to humans that promote optimal brain growth. Not only does breastfeeding benefit your baby, it has many advantages for you. Breastfeeding is convenient. There is no need to get out of bed at 2 a.m. to prepare a bottle. All you have to do is hold your baby to your chest and feed. Next, breastfeeding is very economical. Since breast milk is self- produced, you don’t need money to buy an endless supply of food. Last, breastfeeding is helpful in the process of returning your body to its normal state. While feeding, hormones are produced that make your organs contract into their natural size. Formula feeding, though, is a good alternative for mothers who are unable to breastfeed due to a variety of reasons. For instance, some women are unable  to produce milk. Certain breast reduction surgeries with nipple relocation could be an example of this situation. Also, any medication taken by a mother can be transferred through breast milk to the infant. So, if you are taking treatments such as, antibiotics, or anti- depressants, it would be best to formula feed because those drugs can enter your child’s system through breast milk. Also, formula feeding can be a better alternative for mothers on the go. If you are a working mother, in school, or otherwise away from your child for long periods of time breastfeeding can be burdensome. Your child will cry for you, and your breast will leak in desperation for your baby. By formula feeding, you are given the chance to be away from your child, without worrying about him, or her crying for you. Their care- giver can prepare a bottle, and your baby’s hunger will be satisfied. For the first few months of the baby’s life, it seems as if all the baby does is feed. But, your baby gets a lot more than nutrition from meals; Feeding your baby by breast or bottle also gives you and your child the cuddle, closeness, and bonding time necessary for a growing mother/child relationship. Your choice whether to breastfeed, or formula feed is exactly that†¦your choice. It is entirely a personal decision. You should look deep inside and decide what is best for you. Whatever you choose, it is the right decision, because you made the choice for yourself.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

DL Limited Company Business Plan

DL Limited Company Business Plan Executive Summary Education model in the contemporary world has taken a new face where by the conventional education has been complemented by e learning. According to national center for education statistics 20.4 percent of college student across the world subscribe to distance learning program. DL limited is a new UK company that is a part of Sterling consulting group.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on DL Limited Company Business Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The firm offers long distance business management courses in conjunction with university that have subscribed to this package. The company the set-up cost of DL limited involves course development; web portals costs and general operating overheads are  £300000.The company has a strategy to expand to other lucrative market to form a network contacts with many universities and governments around the world. Analysis of the company market environment is th erefore crucial to determine the opportunities and strength of the firm in its expansion to other markets (Foster, 1992). The company intends to extend its educational services to markets beyond Turkey, which has been its major clientele. The business plan will seek to outline strategic and product decision in the bid to expand to other markets around the world. Company Description DL limited is a higher education consulting firm that provides undergraduate university courses in business management through long distance open learning model. DL limited is part of sterling consulting group with mandate to offer distance-learning package to undergraduate business degree programmes in Europe and other parts of the world. The firm utilizes the world web technology and other support systems to offer the education package (MacDonald, et al. 2005). The firm is budgeting for an enrollment of 500 students annually from different universities around the world. DL limited company is supported b y client universities by their subscription to the e-learning educational model. This model focuses on both full time and part time students. The model offers the courses to students of the subscribed universities through a web portal that will provide an interactive learning through an instructor (Naidu, 2005, p. 658). Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Proposed model for web-based e-learning system Source: semantic web technology Vision To be the world recognized center for academic excellence through e-learning model of education. Mission DL limited is dedicated in overcoming barriers that restrict access to university education and provide quality education and research through e-learning model in conjunction with other universities across the world. Mandate DL limited company will provide distance learning in undergraduate business courses and other business re lated transfer course. The firm is mandated to offer the below courses in business degree level in its distance learning model. Bachelor degree in economics Bachelor degree in finance Bachelor degree business administration Bachelor degree in business studies Bachelor degree in managerial information system Bachelor degree in commerce Bachelor degree in marketing management Bachelor degree in human resource management Bachelor degree in accounting Environmental Scan Environmental analysis seeks to assess internal and external factors that affect the company distance-learning program. In analyzing macro and microenvironment, the S.W.O.T (strength, weakness, opportunity, and threats) analysis will be used. Strength and weakness will analyze the internal environment whereas weakness and threats will assess the external environment under which the firm operates (Barrows, 1994). Strengths Well-established partner: DL limited is offshoot of Sterling consultant group, which offers cons ultation services in UK. Sterling consultant group has three years working experience with senior officials in UK universities and 14 Turkish universities to develop double degree program in business, IT, and Engineering courses. The sterling group has currently 1000 student from Turkey representing a fee income of more than  £ 7.7 million to UK universities. Infrastructure:-The web technology to be utilized is superior in reaching more students in different universities across the world. The infrastructure is also cost effective method of learning since no physical amenities will be required to disseminate knowledge. This model of learning enables a student to be exposed to different materials in the web that cannot be offered by one single lecturer or instructor. Financial and resource backing:-DL limited is a new firm from Sterling group. The firm will be launched within three months after its completion and will be requiring  £300,000 as its operating costs. DL limited is a subsidiary of Sterling group and therefore the firm will have the advantage of having its initial capital cost transferred to its mother company. Experience support stuff:-The human resource that will be employed in support of the distance-learning model will be required to be well experienced with information technology systems and with skill to handle any query from the customers. The working group will vary in their specialization ranging from information technology technicians to qualified lecturer who will provide a support service to the clients. Availability of variety of business courses:-DL limited has a mandate to provide business courses. Variety of these courses can increase the number of enrolment to the program due to its diversification. These courses may range from accounting to finance and other relevant business courses Weakness Inadequate business experienced-DL limited is new upcoming company in the distance-learning model of education. The firm has no experien ce in management know how and will depend on the mother company for a while before it can operate independently. Resources: DL limited is a new company that has yet no resources and will depend entirely on the sterling group. These resources will include financial and human capital and infrastructures. Weak public perception:-Intensive marketing for the new firm is important if the firm is to gain international recognition. The known firm to the public is Sterling Company and therefore DL limited will have to strategic market itself to be recognized as the provider of distant learning services to client universities. Scope:-DL limited has a narrow scope in its mandate to provide leaning courses. The firm has a mandate to provide only business management courses. This reduces the opportunity to admit other student from other discipline that may want to use the services. Mode of learning:-Distance learning depends entirely on information technology, which is vulnerable to cyber crime s. The business is risky in that these cyber crimes can bring sudden inconsistency in the mode of learning if these crimes. System viruses and interference of information in the database are some of the threats that face distance-learning mode of education. Opportunity Ready market:-Distance learning model of education is gaining popularity across the world. Currently Sterling group which is the mother company to DL limited has exceed two million distance learning student from Turkey universities. This model is being replicated in Eastern Europe countries such as Georgia and Albania. DL limited will be enrolling a minimum of five hundred student annually.Market for distance learning program is large and therefore DL limited need to expand its infrastructure to accommodate the large number of student who need to enroll in the program. DL limited looks forward in exploring the African and Asian markets to extend its services. This will be made possible by enrolling potential univers ity institutions in these areas to the distance-learning model. These markets are not as saturated as those in America and Europe and therefore will provide a good starting ground for the firm. Government support:-Sterling group has been working with governments in UK and other countries who are in support for the model of education. Government support provides a conducive environment for the company operations and this is an advantage to the firm. Location:-DL limited is situated in UK, which is strategically situated in terms of access to the technologies and support needed. The company is also well located near competent world-renowned universities that will offer support services to new to the firm. Technology:-E-learning technology model is an information technology new approach to learning. Network transfer of skills and knowledge supports this model. It include web-based learning, computer based learning and virtual classroom platform. Distant learning is however taking a ne w paradigm shift because of emerging new technologies. Traditional learning methods are becoming more overtaken by new trend in learning methodology. In today’s learning world, learning systems make use of internets, e-mails, video transmission, and even social site such as face book to communicate with students.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on DL Limited Company Business Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Modules on different subjects can now be taught via teleconferencing and shared through social networks. This advance in technology have made learning more cost effective in that many students all over the world can now access education more easily (Owston Wideman, 1997, p. 66-73). Threats Competition:-Distance learning is an emerging model for modern education and is therefore subject to competition for several institutions in UK. Firms such as Stone bridge associated collages have well established n ames as distance learning providers. These institutions offer much flexible and competitive business degree programs and have years of experience in distance learning model. Aggressive marketing:-Aggressive marketing by the competitor is a threat to the firm’s market share. DL limited is a new company that is barely known in the market. The firm needs to develop good marketing strategies in order to compete effectively with other firm in the market. Fluctuation in demand: From the current economic conditions, it will be difficult to forecast the demand. The number of student forecasted to enroll in the program may be less than planned. One can never be certain on the forecasted demand as a number of factors beyond the organizations control impacts on the demand. Cost of technology:-The intended educational model relays heavily on information technology. However, technology is very dynamic and change over time. Technology that is superior today will be obsolete tomorrow. In c orporate world, technology aspect of the organization should be reviewed every eighteen month and changed if necessary. The cost of a new technology is very expensive in terms of maintenance and initial installation. Over reliance to mother company: DL limited is a new company that is a split from Sterling group. The company will rely on almost every aspect of its operation from the mother company. The mother firm will provide most of the finances for its establishment and even technical assistant. Business Objectives DL limited is a new firm that traces it origin to Sterling group. In order for the firm to grow and attain the competitive advantage, the management will have to focus on the objectives and implement strategies to achieve them. These objectives are as follows Exploring new markets:-DL limited is interested in expanding in African and Asia markets. These markets are new to the program model and this will provide a good starting point for the firm. Survey from 134 cou ntries in Africa showed that distance learning is a new concept in the continent. Among African universities e-learning trend was as follows Kenya S.africa Nigeria Ethiopia Uganda Senegal Ghana Tanza Drc 18% 14% 12% 6% 5% 4% 4% 3% 3% The biggest challenge to distance learning in Africa is the internet bandwidth and unstable electricity supply. There has been however efforts to provide undersea cable to the coast of Kenya as per July 2009. The Asia market is however for more receptive to distance learning model. The strategic approach in markets in Asia in to attract the population to enroll to the program. The target being India and china, which has vast population of universities that may find it convenience to subscribe to this model of learning. Ensure quality learning: Quality in an essential aspect in distance learning. Quality leaning brings about competitive edge over the competitors offering the same product to the market. In providing quality to the customer, the management will have to review the curriculum of the courses to offer. The delivery methods employed to provide these courses must be efficient and reliable. The human capital employed must be conversant with the system administration. Capacity building through training is also crucial as far as quality is concerned. Capacity building should be spread not only to the technocrats but also at the management level of the organization (Dewey, 1958, p. 149). Attain competitive edge: Competitive edge over competitors will give the firm monopoly of offering business courses to the market. Competitive advantage can be attained through technology and other innovative means to achieve organizational market targets. The firm will have to conduct survey in order to benchmark its services with other firms providing the same services. Extensive marketing is also a significant aspect. The firm may utilize information technology modes such as internet to market its courses to institutions around the world. Staffing-DL limited is an upcoming company dealing in distance learning program. The company is to be launched within three months of its initiation. It will require human capital to operate. Specialist in different areas of operation within the firm will need to be recruited through a very competitive method. The main objective is to ensure quality service to the customer (Namuth, et al. 2005). New products:-DL limited is mandated to provide undergraduate degree courses in business courses. The firm will also provide a course curriculum accepted by the by the client universities. The firm also will have to provide and information technology course as a common unit to compliment these courses such that one will have a degree in relevant business course and a diploma in information technology. Full time undergraduate course in business will take three years plus one year in information technology diploma. This will be made possible in collaboration with four renowned UK Un iversity namely University of Leeds, University of Nottingham, University of Warwick, and University of Greenwich (Clark, 1994, p. 454). Pricing for the courses: The business courses will be offered in international pricing standards. Each course will be charged differently as follows. Courses Fee per year Duration Bachelor degree in economics  £ 5000 3 yrs Bachelor degree in marketing management  £ 6700 3 yrs Bachelors degree in human resource management  £5000 3yrs Bachelor degree in accounting  £6200 3yrs Bachelor degree in finance  £6800 3yrs Bachelor degree in business studies  £5000 3yrs Bachelor degree in management information system  £5200 3yrs Bachelor degree in commerce  £6500 3yrs Bachelor degree in business administration  £6000 3yrs An additional tuition fee of  £1000 will charged for an extra diploma course in information technology, which will take a period of one year. Business Strategies DL limited will consider the fol lowing strategies for achievement of its goals and objectives.  Administration will involve putting up technical team and management group to provide an operational mechanism to the new organization. The top organizational structure follows the below model (Dede, 1996). Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The top management will provide leadership for the whole organization. The technical department will have to develop information communication systems that will enable distance learning possible (Bransford, 1998). The operations department will be responsible for the academic part of the system include course monitoring and evaluation of the model. At operational level, there will be unit instructors and lecturers. The mode of learning will involve web approach, video conferencing, and e-mailing. A website for the firm will be developed to include all courses and an online subscription. Payment of tuition fee and online learning will be made possible by this website. The technical team will also be responsible for system maintenance and support (Dede, 2000, p. 58). Pricing of the courses was reached after survey of tuition costs charged by competing firm and projected operational costs in initiating the firm. The tuition fee will be determined by variety of factors such as cost of investment, competitors pricing and global market pricing. The price reached for offered business meets the international standards and affordable (Nash, 2005). In ensuring quality learning, the company will provide the latest technologies in its model. Use of communication tools such as e-mail and the firm’s website to share and discuss educational topics and materials will be a step towards offering superior platform of learning (Brown, Collins Duguid, 1989). The learning services in the web will provide registration of the preferred online course and interactive tutorials by the instructor. The systems also enable the students to create at while they will be authenticated by using a password. This will enable the student to check the learning topics and assignment. The system also provides online library for references and research (Edelson Gordin, 1999, p. 399). In exploring new market, DL limited will have to develop a marketing plan. This market plan will explore the use of internet facility to advertise distance-learning courses. The firm will use social sites such as twitter and face book to bring awareness to the institutions courses (Otterbourg, 1998). A market department under head of operations will be formed and its representative will have an office in Kenya to represent the Africa market and another office in India to represent the Asian market. These two outlets will be responsible for marketing the firm and offering any support services to institution that enroll to the program. These marketing units will link up with universities and sell the firms products to these institutions (Dewey, p. 1958).  Outsourced private firm will be responsible for selection and recruitment of the support staff for the firm. The contracted firm will advertise for both managerial and operational positions posts and later carry out interviews for these positions. Key competencies that will be looked for during the interviews are experience and skill in t he operation of distance learning (Knowles, 1984). For managerial position, management skills and experience will be the competences required. The resources will determine the number of staff and the number subscribed student on the model. The lecturer and instructor will be academician will years of experience in the relevant business course (Carrol Rosson, 2005, p. 8).  DL limited also intends gain competitive edge by using the latest technologies in the communication sector. Use of social sites to market and as a means of communication to students is one of the strategies the firm is willing to explore. By concentrating in business courses, the firm is segmenting the market based on subject of offer and this will enable the firm concentrate more on its core business (Bangert-Drowns, et al. 1991). Competitive edge will also be acquired the nature of the service provider and it is for this reason that the firm will be hiring the most qualified and experienced working personnel ( Clark, 1983, p. 452). Contribution of DL (using ICTs) substantive divisions application Development of materials Using instructional design methods to make sure that information is structured and presented using multimedia Sharing work-in progress, such as PowerPoint presentations, lecture notes with DL team so as to tailor them to distance learning Pedagogical expertise, application of training methodology Course delivery Structured online and interactive training materials, use of chat and electronic communication Availability to take part in chat sessions, Answer e-mails. Use of DL materials in face to face sessions Building distance learning elements into face-to-face training seminars and events Use of practical expertise and methodology in face to face sessions Student Support Forum, scheduled chat sessions Availability to answer email enquiries and participate in chat sessions about substantive matters Assessment Carefully structured online tests providing feedba ck to students Sharing learning objectives and assessment criteria with practical so as to design effective assessment Tools. Being available to mark tests and give feedback to students Evaluation Use of database to track student progress Online questionnaires into the effectiveness of training Undertake questionnaire and other evaluations into the effectiveness of the training and sharing outcomes Use of practical expertise and methodology to evaluate training Strategy for implementing a Distance learning process source: UNCTAD report January 2004 Advantages of Distance Leaning Over Conventional Model The student does not require hall of residence or a traditional classroom to pursue education while the service provider cuts cost on elaborate organizational structure with employee to pay. Distance learning is accessible to everyone connected to the internet as the service can be accessed from any part of the globe with no time barrier (Gackowski, 2003). Distance learning has more content in scope that traditional learning model does not have. Through e-learning, one can excess more and latest materials in the internet from any part of the world at any given time, the system is also efficient as it avoids the lock scheduling of classroom learning (Bielaczyc Collins, 1999, p. 193). Market Projection The firm is on the growth stage of product life cycle and projects to be enroll about 500 students annually. This will require extensive marketing campaign in the regional of interest i.e. African and Asia.In projecting future demand the firm need to assess the competition, customer, and product (Clark Solomon, 1986). Competition will affect the market share of the company and therefore it is important for DL limited to explore other innovative means in administering this model of learning in order to stay ahead of the competition. Product development is another method of obtaining a competitive edge. The enroll program will commence on January 2012.The proj ections for the next 5 years (Linn, Bell His, 1998). 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 total Number of students enrolled 500 700 1000 2500 4000 8700 The estimates show that by the firm will be having at least 8700 students with the first lot having successfully completed the course. Financial Budget and Projection This section will provide an estimate initial budget of developing distance-learning centre. The set-up costs of DL limited will involve course development, web portals, and general operating overheads at a cost of  £300,000.This amount is projected to initiate the cost of establishing DL limited (Malaxa Douglas, 2005). Risk Management Risk management involves identifying and assessing the risk factors with intention to minimize their impact in the organization. Risks lurk in every aspect of the business. They vary from competitor innovations to new technology in the market. These dynamics in the market bring about disruption to the operational consistency in the organ ization (Kaplan-Leiserson, 1999).There are risks that can be controlled and those that cannot. The role of top management of DL limited will be to develop a strategic plan for the risks both internal and external risks. Risk factor may range from competition and Technological changes in the business environment. In the mode, learning which is via the web, viruses and hacking may be major causes of concern. There is also a risk potential of service quality during the delivery stage (Koohang Harman, 2005). Market risk is the potential of viable market not materializing as projected i.e. in Asia and Africa Economic risk such as recession is factors that have to be considered when projecting the future demand. The company has to prepare to counter these uncertainties and mitigate the environmental risk factors. Risk management is the process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks factors in order to minimize and control its impact in an organization. The first step in risk m anagement is to identify the kind of potential risk a business is to identify the risk factors the firm exposed to. This is done by examining the external and internal environment for drivers of the risks (Hayhoe, 1998, p. 76).  Risk management involves Identify business process and function in an organization than are vulnerable to the risk factors by Rank these functions and processes in order of their vulnerability to risk factors Identify threats of risk to these business functions and processes Determine the specific risk to each process and function. Put up appropriate resources and plans s in place to deal with the risk factors. References Bangert-Drowns, R. et al. (1991) The instructional effects of feedback in test-like events, Review of Educational Research, 61, 213-238. Bransford, J. (1998) Doing with understanding: Lessons from research on problem and project-based learning. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 3/4, 271-312. Barrows, H. S. (1994) Problem-Based Learning Applied to Medical Education. School of Medicine. Springfield, IL: Southern Illinois University. Bielaczyc, K., Collins, A. (1999). Learning communities in classrooms: A reconceptualization of educational practice. In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional design theories and models: A new paradigm of instructional theory, Vol. 2, pp. 188-228. Brown, J. S., Collins, A., Duguid, P. (1989) Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher, January-February, 32-42. Campbell, R. J. (2000, September-October). Descending into the maelstrom of the 21st century with Marshall McLuhan, Educational Technology, 40(5), 18-27. Carrol, J. M., Rosson, M. B. (2005). Toward even more authentic case based learning. Educational Technology, 45(6), 5-11. Clark, R. E. (1983). Reconsidering research on learning from media. Review of Educational Research, 53(4), 445-460. Clark, R. E. (1994). Media will never influence learning. Educational Technology Research and Development, 53(2), 21 -30. Clark, R. Solomon, G. (1986) Media in teaching. In M. Wittrock (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Teaching, 3 Ed, New York: Macmillan. Dede, C. (1996) Emerging technologies and distributed learning. American Journal of Distance Education, 10(2), 4-36. Dede, C. (2000). Emerging technologies and distributed learning in higher education. In D. Hanna (Ed.), Higher education in an era of digital competition: Choices and challenges. New York: Atwood. pp. 55-64 Dewey, J. (1958) Experience and education. New York: Macmillan. Edelson, D.C., Gordin, D. Pea, R. (1999) Addressing the challenges of inquiry-based learning through technology and curriculum design. The Journal of the Learning Sciences, 8(34), 391-450. Foster, G. (1992). Lessons from teamwork: Towards a systemic scheme for Press. course development. Higher Education, 24, 193-211. Gackowski, Z. (2003) Case/real-life problem-based learning with information system projects. Journal of Information Technology Education, 2, 357-365. Ha yhoe, G.F. (1998). Evaluating distance learning in graduate programs: Ensuring rigorous, rewarding professional education. Paper presented at the International Professional Communication Conference 98 on 23 September 1998 in Quà ©bec City, PQ, Canada. Web. Kaplan-Leiserson, E. (1999) Learning circuits glossary. American Society for Training Development. Web. Knowles, M. (1984) Andragogy in action. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Koohang, A. Harman, K. (2005) Open source: A metaphor for e-learning. Informing Science: The InternationalJournal of an Emerging Transdiscipline, 8, 75-86. Web. Linn, M., Bell, P., and His, S. (1998) Using the Internet to Enhance Student Understanding of Science: The Knowledge Integration Environment. Interactive Learning Environments, 1(6), 4-38. MacDonald, C. et al. (2005) Addressing the e-learning contradiction: A collaborative approach for developing a conceptual framework learning object. Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects, 1, 79 -98. Web. Malaxa, V. Douglas, I. (2005) A framework for metadata creation tools. Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects, 1, 151-162. Web. Naidu, S. (2002) Designing and evaluating instruction for e-learning. In P. L. Rodgers (Ed.), Designing Instruction for Technology-Enhanced Learning , Hershey, PA: Idea Group Publishing, pp. 134-159. Naidu, S. (2003). E-Learning: A Guidebook of Principles, Procedures and Practices. New Delhi, India: Commonwealth Educational Media Center for Asia (CEMCA), and the Commonwealth of Learning. pp. 645-664. Naidu, S. (2005). Evaluating Distance Education and E-learning. In C. Howard, J. V. Boettcher, L. Justice, K. Schenk, P. Rogers, G. A. Berg (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Distance Learning, Idea Group, Inc.: Hershey PA. Vol. 1-IV, pp. 857-864. Namuth, D. et al. (2005) Principles of sustainable learning object libraries. Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects, 1, 181-196. Web. Nash, S. (2005) Learning objects, learn ing object repositories, and learning theory: Preliminary best practices for online courses. Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects, 1, 217-228. Web. Otterbourg, S. (1998) Using Technology to Strengthen Employee and Family Involvement in Education. Research Report 1223-98-RR. New York: The Conference Board. Owston, R. and Wideman, H. (1997) Word processors and children’s writing in a high-computer-access setting. Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 30(2), 202 – 220.

Monday, October 21, 2019

Write Your Biomedical Science Personal Statement Essays

Write Your Biomedical Science Personal Statement Essays Write Your Biomedical Science Personal Statement Essay Write Your Biomedical Science Personal Statement Essay Biomedical science students pursuing advance studies hardly ever worry about any intricate formulas or equations, however, they do get panic-stricken quite easily when they are asked by the admission board of a college to prepare a personal statement. Basically these statements are used to impress the admission board and increase the chances of gaining admission into the university you want. Nonetheless, there are some valuable guidelines which can help students in preparing an impressive biomedical science personal statement. Get in touch with the admission department of different biomedical science universities and acquire some guidelines for writing the statement. Review each guideline carefully in order to determine whether you have to stick with the specified format for the personal statement or you can use your own. If they strictly order you to stick with their specified guideline, you have to adhere to their specification, otherwise the board may reject your statement. Also check the given word limit for the statement. Analyze the guidelines and understand what the admission board really wants in an applicant’s personal statement. Make a list of some reasons that tell the readers why you would make an excellent PhD candidate in the field of biomedical science. Ask your parents, friends or other family members to do the same on your behalf. They will most likely include those qualities or experience that you might be unpretentious to include in the statement. Make notes of those people who have inspired you to pursue this field. Create a personal statement outline keeping in view the specifications or guidelines of the university which you are applying to. Remember that you have to create a new outline for each university because it is highly likely that their guidelines may differ. By having an outline you will be able to stick with the format and instructions as specified in the guideline. Develop your biomedical science personal statement by mentioning the extracurricular activities which you have partaken. For instance, volunteering at a local hospital for a week or month under the supervision of a gerontologist and striving how to improve the healthcare facilities for old age people demonstrates the admission board that you are seriously dedicated to the biomedical science field and you take your responsibilities very sincerely. In the next paragraph talk a little about how your academic grades relate to your interest and dedication with their field. Talk about your aspiration such as you find it very interesting to read the fascinating work of Roger Watson. Do not hesitate to talk about your schooling experience as it will prove crucial at University where patience is most needed. In the subsequent paragraph talk about your other hobbies or interest. For example, you partake in different sports like tennis, football or swimming. Revise the final draft of the biomedical science personal statement and submit it to the board after ensuring that it is error-free. Keep your personal statement accurate and to the point. While revising, omit any unnecessary sentences that are not interesting or irrelevant.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Reliable guide to thesis writing

Reliable guide to thesis writing Thesis writing There are a lot useful guides to producing academic works. All of them provide handy tips which students should follow in order to write superior papers. Below, there are reasonable steps to preparing an exclusive thesis. If you follow them, you will avoid major difficulties in completing this assignment. Missing the key idea Some students do not consider formulating the main idea of a thesis paper important. This is a big mistake. You should understand that this work is not an adventure story where the ending discloses valuable information. When producing this piece of writing, you should present its topic in the opening paragraph. Thus, readers will clearly understand what they are going to learn about. Paper significance When writing thesis papers, it is of great importance to explain why the subject is worth exploring. Thus, your work will be considered complete. It is not good to make readers guess why the selected topic matters. Moreover, they will never know what advantages they will get from reading your piece of writing until you let them know about it. Scientific approach It is very important to explain why you have used particular research methods for examining the topic of your thesis for research paper. You need to state the reasons for which the provided mechanism is effective. Key features There may be a few works discussing the same issue. Thus, you need to explain properly how your thesis for a research paper differs from other papers. You should use the set expressions and words that will help convince readers that your piece of writing is unique. Other academic works When producing a thesis research paper, it is necessary to provide readers with information about the previous works analyzing the matter. In this case, the purpose of writing your paper will be quite clear. When presenting the results obtained before, you need to show that your research is more detailed. It will add weight to your research thesis. If you do not understand how to write such type of paper, turn to our professionals for assistance. Uniqueness of the essay You should tell readers how your work contributes to a particular academic field. Since you are the author of the thesis, you are the only one who knows its strong points. Therefore, if you explain everything clearly, readers will understand that your piece of writing provides relevant information about the discussed matter. That is why you should make every effort to present sound arguments about how useful your paper is. Show that readers will benefit greatly from analyzing it.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Discussion on topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Discussion on topic - Essay Example The importance of the beginning of the novel becomes clear, later on in as the story climaxes. The beginning of the tale is set at Meursault’s mother’s funeral. It is her that the reader begins to see the sociopath tendencies of Meursault who does not shed a tear for his dead mother. This later comes back to haunt him at his trial. When Meursault meets conflict on the beach, he escapes the two men in which Raymond and he encounter. The story takes a strange turn when Meursault returns to the beach to shoot one of the men. It is hinted within the story that the sun may have been partly to blame for the man’s quick death. But, it is what follows which illustrates Meursault’s true persona. Once the man which Meursault shoots, is dead; he continues to shoot him 4 more times. The reader then follows Meursault through his trial, conviction and prison term where he awaits the death penalty. It is during this time period of waiting for his execution, that Meursault experiences an epiphany. He comes to the overall realization that life as we know it or existence as we know it; is rather absurd and thereby pointless to hang on to. This novel was first published in 1995 and has become as famous as the New Testament. The plot of the piece is based on a strange epidemic of â€Å"white† blindness which effects the city which the tale occurs in. The main characters in the novel, include a doctor and his wife as well as other individuals who are stricken with the ailment. The centrifugal antagonist acting upon the characters is not simply the blindness itself but is in fact the social breakdown and anarchy which results from the outbreak. It can be said that this story is essentially an allegory about how close most societies are from a complete decay of order. This story shows that one epidemic leads to social meltdown. The fact that food

Friday, October 18, 2019

William Wordsworth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

William Wordsworth - Essay Example It was his mother that taught him how to read. Unfortunately, his mother died in 1778, and William and his sister were sent to live with relatives in Yorkshire; it was during this time that William was introduced to real education, though he could thank his parents for the knowledge that he had gained up until that time. It was in 1787 when William made his debut as a writer, having had a sonnet published in The European Magazine (Johnston, 2001). Within that year, he also enrolled at St. John’s College, Cambridge, where he studied until he earned his B.A. After school, he spent much of his time on walking tours and various holidays. In 1791, William met and fell in love with Annette Vallon, who gave birth to their first child, Caroline, in 1792. It was in 1802 when William married a childhood friend, Mary Hutchinson. They had five children together - two girls and three boys. In 1793, William had his poetry published for the first time in the collections An Evening Walk and Descriptive Sketches. He received money in 1795 from his friend, Raisley Calvert, to encourage him to keep writing poetry. In the same year, William met Samuel Taylor Coleridge, another poet, and they immediately became close. They admired each other’s work and decided to be influenced by one another. In 1797, William and his sister moved to Somerset, not too far from where Coleridge lived. With the help of William’s sister, William and Samuel wrote Lyrical Ballads, one of the most important pieces of work in the English Romantic movement. Even though William nor Samuel was listed as the book’s author, William published one of his most famous poems, â€Å"Tintern Abbey†, in the volume, as well as Samuel’s â€Å"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.† The second volume was published in 1800 and had William listed as the sole author. This volume focused on Romantic literary theory, and William discussed what he felt were the elements of new

Debate Preparation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Debate Preparation - Essay Example Moreover, it may also send confusing messages to girls that premarital sex is acceptable. Consequent high risk behavior in young girls may ultimately lead to fatal carelessness by acquiring HIV infection. Another concern which remains is that Gardasil is only protective against HPV strains 16, 18, 6 and 11, which account for 70% of all cervical cancers. As there are more than 80 serotypes, with several serotypes associated with high and intermediate risk of developing cervical cancer, protection against all of them remains elusive. Moreover, different HPV serotypes may be linked with cervical cancer in different regions of the world, resulting in marked differences in the protective efficacy of the vaccine. The highest risk relates to the safety of the vaccine, which has not been proven yet. Majority of the subjects who received Gardasil had side effects within 15 days, which included fatigue, muscle pain and inflammation at injection site (Merck's Gardasil vaccine not proven safe). The current vaccines containing synthetic/ recombinant antigens are less immunogenic than the older versions of vaccines derived from live attenuated or killed organisms.

World Economies Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

World Economies - Article Example evident increases in purchasing power, global economies have been noted to potentially increase their products to America and other developed nations, which in turn, could further buoyed too much optimism of economic growth. The danger, according to the information, was that other economies could become too complacent and forget the fact that there are still other important economic aspects that need to be addressed. The perception of growth in world economies could apparently drive complacency to a point where more important economic reforms could be forgotten or stalled. One agrees with this assertion given that based on reported experiences on world economies, good news would usually put economic legislators into a momentary status quo since positive growth rates apparently indicate that economic measures have been effective in achieving economic targets. However, it could be deduced that the interconnected nature of world economies should put each economy into assuming a proactive stance at looking beyond current positive patterns and anticipating what these potentials could impact on future economic conditions. In fact, globally, the problem on jobs continue to exist and remain to be a persistent problem that needs to be addressed; despite positive patterns in various economic indicators. "Why optimism may be bad news." 4 January 2014. The Economist. http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21592613-good-news-about-global-growth-risks-pushing-interest-rates-up-and-politicians-appetite-reform. 14 February

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Relationship between Stock Market Prices and Macroeconomic Variables Essay

Relationship between Stock Market Prices and Macroeconomic Variables - Essay Example This is an indication that the indexes will rely majorly on the stock prices of the major companies in the capital market. Therefore most financial experts like relying on this index as it is closer to representing the real market. According to Madura (2008, pg 347), the index is calculated by considering the stock price of five hundred biggest companies in the market. It explains that the companies are selected based on their market capitalization. To understand this dynamic relation the relation between the stock price and the variables in the macro economy, a clear and incisive analysis of the effects of these variables on the financial markets is required. This paper examines some of the relationships between the stock prices and market indices and the variables of the macroeconomic environment within economies of countries like the United States and England. Â  The GDP of a nation covers all the products and services produced in a single financial year. In Berezina (2012) opinion, it covers the entire products, from the smallest item to the largest possible item and services purchased by the consumers in this economy. It notes that investors pay keen attention to indicators of sustainable growth in the GDP of an economy to make decisions on investment. When the report shows that there is growth in GDP, many investors will be attracted to the economy. This translates to higher stock prices as investors rush to acquire stakes in companies within these economies. In the absence of growth, the investor confidence is low and the stock prices are likely to slump. This is usually reflected in the performance of the index of the market. Analysts believe that the performance of a market over a financial year will reflect the overall performance in GDP. For instance, Madura (2008) explains that economic factors that affect the stock prices includ e indicators like GDP (Madura 2008, pg 270).

The American Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The American Constitution - Essay Example It is undeniable that the development of American statutory ideas after the Upheaval shows a steady evolution from English thoughts. It is worth noting that the constitution is not perfect and therefore it includes a lot of concession amongst people. The constitution was not a complete achievement as it may be perceived due to the many defects associated with it. Fascinatingly when the constitutional deal was reached there was nearly no American in the political scene that raised the issue about the significance of harmonizing the three divisions of government. None of the Americans defended liberty and fairness as applied in other constitutions such as in England and Rome. The people opposed to the constitution argued that perhaps the checks and balances were not adequate enough to protect the citizens of this great nation. It was evident that the chief issue was not concerned with the appeal or perhaps the correct organization of the republican liberty and the government. The main worrying matter was how to unify the many republics of U.S. Many people believed that power may remain within the states and that the Congress would not have much power. It was clear that if the U.S was to remain a united country where the Congress has actual power then Republicans may want an entirely established body. Since the constitution is already in force and supports adoption of republican form of government by deriving their power on the approval and consensus of the citizens of America (Vile 2010, 25-38). Republicanism has played a major part in the American constitution since its revolution by emphasizing on liberty and irrefutable rights as the key values. Republicanism considered only sovereignty of the people and the fact that the people of America should be independent in their duties. Republicanism recognized that people actually had rights that could not be done away with and the need to do away with some social crimes such as corruption and greed. The citizens were considered very important and therefore they required a high level of representation and these Republican values were regarded as useful in the constitution. The heroes argued that Republicanism was very vital as far as the liberty of the people was concerned and therefore it would really liberate the Americans. However, there was no balance between republicanism principles and the democratic principles because republicanism insisted on liberty for all instead of addressing the issue of liberty to the majority people. Although the republicanism constitution successfully did away with the monarchy, there was no complete democracy for all (Bernstein 2009, 168-175). Moreover, the very people who were said to be capable of voting were denied this important right especially the blacks, the illiterate group and the female adults. Citizens did not have the so-called real property could not vote thus making the constitution very much undemocratic. The issue of unfairness in the constitutio n cannot be left untouched while looking at the incidents or the aftermath of approval of the Constitution. People were not permitted to make amendments of the constitution unswervingly unless through elected officials who did not have the people’s interest in their hearts (Vile 2010, 25-38).  

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

World Economies Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

World Economies - Article Example evident increases in purchasing power, global economies have been noted to potentially increase their products to America and other developed nations, which in turn, could further buoyed too much optimism of economic growth. The danger, according to the information, was that other economies could become too complacent and forget the fact that there are still other important economic aspects that need to be addressed. The perception of growth in world economies could apparently drive complacency to a point where more important economic reforms could be forgotten or stalled. One agrees with this assertion given that based on reported experiences on world economies, good news would usually put economic legislators into a momentary status quo since positive growth rates apparently indicate that economic measures have been effective in achieving economic targets. However, it could be deduced that the interconnected nature of world economies should put each economy into assuming a proactive stance at looking beyond current positive patterns and anticipating what these potentials could impact on future economic conditions. In fact, globally, the problem on jobs continue to exist and remain to be a persistent problem that needs to be addressed; despite positive patterns in various economic indicators. "Why optimism may be bad news." 4 January 2014. The Economist. http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21592613-good-news-about-global-growth-risks-pushing-interest-rates-up-and-politicians-appetite-reform. 14 February

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

The American Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The American Constitution - Essay Example It is undeniable that the development of American statutory ideas after the Upheaval shows a steady evolution from English thoughts. It is worth noting that the constitution is not perfect and therefore it includes a lot of concession amongst people. The constitution was not a complete achievement as it may be perceived due to the many defects associated with it. Fascinatingly when the constitutional deal was reached there was nearly no American in the political scene that raised the issue about the significance of harmonizing the three divisions of government. None of the Americans defended liberty and fairness as applied in other constitutions such as in England and Rome. The people opposed to the constitution argued that perhaps the checks and balances were not adequate enough to protect the citizens of this great nation. It was evident that the chief issue was not concerned with the appeal or perhaps the correct organization of the republican liberty and the government. The main worrying matter was how to unify the many republics of U.S. Many people believed that power may remain within the states and that the Congress would not have much power. It was clear that if the U.S was to remain a united country where the Congress has actual power then Republicans may want an entirely established body. Since the constitution is already in force and supports adoption of republican form of government by deriving their power on the approval and consensus of the citizens of America (Vile 2010, 25-38). Republicanism has played a major part in the American constitution since its revolution by emphasizing on liberty and irrefutable rights as the key values. Republicanism considered only sovereignty of the people and the fact that the people of America should be independent in their duties. Republicanism recognized that people actually had rights that could not be done away with and the need to do away with some social crimes such as corruption and greed. The citizens were considered very important and therefore they required a high level of representation and these Republican values were regarded as useful in the constitution. The heroes argued that Republicanism was very vital as far as the liberty of the people was concerned and therefore it would really liberate the Americans. However, there was no balance between republicanism principles and the democratic principles because republicanism insisted on liberty for all instead of addressing the issue of liberty to the majority people. Although the republicanism constitution successfully did away with the monarchy, there was no complete democracy for all (Bernstein 2009, 168-175). Moreover, the very people who were said to be capable of voting were denied this important right especially the blacks, the illiterate group and the female adults. Citizens did not have the so-called real property could not vote thus making the constitution very much undemocratic. The issue of unfairness in the constitutio n cannot be left untouched while looking at the incidents or the aftermath of approval of the Constitution. People were not permitted to make amendments of the constitution unswervingly unless through elected officials who did not have the people’s interest in their hearts (Vile 2010, 25-38).  

Theories in phsychology of business Essay Example for Free

Theories in phsychology of business Essay Television advert and website are the devices of promoting that have an extensive variety of achieve and they have been overlooked to a greater degree. Individuals have an idea that TV adverts are for those rich individuals and website advert are for who have a machine or the individuals who oftentimes have sufficient energy to visit a digital or can get to machine. In no time, advancing and progressions on the World Wide Web are essentially conventional. Associations are making Web pages now and again just to show exceptional. Using the Web for publicizing requires certain supplies and authority, including getting a machine, getting an Internet organization supplier, acquiring (for the most part renting) a Website name, arranging and presenting the Website delineations and diverse limits as needed (for example, an online store for e-exchange), propelling the Website (through distinctive web hunt apparatuses, inventories, et cetera.) and keeping up the Website. Various people dont much consider TV advancements because of the inclination that the commercials are greatly extravagant. They are more extravagant than an extensive share of noteworthy sorts of publicizing. In any case, with the extending number of telecom organizations and stations, associations may find incredible game plans for setting attachments or diverse sorts of plugs. Television notices regularly are assessed with near considerations to radio advancements, that is, the amount of advancements, the length of advancements and when they are placed reporting progressively. Television types of publicizing can be utilized to reach numerous gathering of people at once and regardless of where demographic the crowd fall, there is a system airing fitting projects together with advertisements. Website ad have an extensive variety of achieve and they are not confined to topographical obstructions and regardless of where the group of onlookers is in any piece of the world and have admittance to web joined machine they can get the advert. Maslow`s theory                  Maslows pecking order of requirements is a hypothesis in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow in 1943. It is referred as hypothesis of human inspiration. Maslow broadened his thought in including his perception of humans inherent interest Maslows chain of importance of necessities is regularly depicted fit as a fiddle of a pyramid with the biggest, most key levels of requirements at the base and the requirement for self- completion at the top. Maslows hypothesis recommends that the most fundamental level of requirements must be met before the individual will firmly want the auxiliary or more elevated amount needs. Maslows hypothesis is utilized in both TV advert and site in that when advert is continuously made the most imperative things are highlighted initially emulated by the needs that need self-completion. In site the needs that the business needs to promote are sorted from the most essential to the paramount ones and they are posted on the organiza tions site or any partner showcasing. Hertzberg’s theory                  Two- factor theory essentials otherwise called HERTZBERGS theory has mentality and their association with modern mental wellbeing are identified with Abraham Maslows hypothesis of inspiration. As per Herzberg, people are not content with the fulfillment of lower-request needs at work; for instance, those needs connected with least pay levels or sheltered and average working conditions. Rather, people search for the delight of more elevated amount mental needs needing to do with accomplishment, distinguishment, obligation, progression, and the way of the work itself. Herzberg added another measurement to this hypothesis by proposing a two-component model of inspiration, in view of the thought that the vicinity of one set of employment qualities or motivators prompts specialist fulfillment at work, while an alternate and separate set of occupation attributes prompts disappointment at work. Subsequently, fulfillment and disappointment are not on a continuum with one expanding as alternate lessens, yet are free phenomena. This hypothesis recommends that to enhance work disposition and benefit, heads must perceive and go to both sets of attributes and not accept that an increment in fulfillment prompts diminish in unpleasable disappointment. Two –factor hypothesis basics is not utilized in either the TV advert and website since this hypothesis is essentially planned for workers and not clients. Vroom expectancy theory                  It accepts that conduct results from cognizant decisions among plan B whose reason it is to expand delight and minimize torment. Together with Edward Lawler and Lyman Porter, Victor Vroom proposed that the relationship between individuals conduct at work and their objectives was not as basic as was initially envisioned by different researchers. Vroom understood that a workers execution is focused around people components, for example, identity, aptitudes, information, experience and capacities. Vroom anticipation hypothesis is based to look the certainty of the workers, feelings and view of the organization. This hypothesis is not utilized in TV commercial and the web ad. Freudian theory                  As per Freud psychoanalytic hypothesis, all psychic vitality is created by the drive. Freud additionally accepted that much of human conduct was roused by two driving senses: the life impulses and the passing impulses. The life impulses are those that identify with a fundamental requirement for survival, propagation and joy. They incorporate such things as the requirement for nourishment, haven, love and sex. He additionally proposed that all people have an oblivious wish for death, which he alluded to as the demise impulses. Self-dangerous conduct, he accepted, was one interpretation of the demise drive. In any case, he accepted that these demise senses were to a great extent tempered by the life impulses. This hypothesis is nearly utilized in the television and site advert since the adverts made are regulated to individuals with fixation at specific stages and with obsession at specific purposes of advancement. The organizations needs to comprehend thei r customers’ charisma they are planning to draws in consideration. Behavioral Theory                  Behavior argues that concepts like conflict, anxiety and fixation do not explain behavioral of an individual. Behavior of individual is guided by punishment one receive or rewards given that reinforce the behavior and increase the chances of behavior occurring. Behavioral belief that observable stimuli in the environment causes organisms to act in a particular way. This theory is related to Freudian theory and is basically employed in both form of advertisement in this paper. The anxiety of people is capitalized by most of the TV broadcasting station and when audience are longing to continue with their favorite programme there is a break for adverts to be made. For website it happens when a client visits a certain website and before it opens there are some adverts that pops there. In both cases advertisers capitalizes the behavioral theory in concepts of anxiety. Cognitive theory                  This theories emphasizes mental processes in development such as logic and memory. Piagel proposed that each of us begin life with a small repertoire of sensory and motor scheme such as looking , tasting, touching and hearing we use each scheme becomes better adapted to the world. We possess mental scheme as well and most developed in childhood and adolescence. Mental schemes allows us to use symbols and thinking logically. Cognitive theory is much employed in advertising and much in TV and website advert. Advertisers have to use the logic while advertising in abide to capture the attention of the clients or audience. In cognitive theory, the audience are not passive learners and the audience development has to be taken in to consideration before advert is made as shown by Freudian theory. Comparison                  Both covers extensive variety of group of onlookers over any demographic dissimilar to other type of showcasing like magazines They both covers all race of gathering of people particularly channels like BBC and CNN although their group of onlookers needs to comprehend the dialect utilized as a part of show. Contrast For television adverts there are those one planned for adult individuals and they are brought when certain system is broadcast. For Website anybody can get to the advert despite the fact that they were not expected for that age. My recommendation is that there the installment made to each advert in TV and site ought to be publicized possibly in a week or a month to make individuals have boldness to promote with them. The correspondence commission of each nation ought to meet up and draft the principle to be followed in making adverts that will reach anybody on the globe. References Farmer, W. (2001). 5. In Latent trait theory analysis of changes in item response anchors: Final report (2nd ed., Vol. 2, p. 95). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Office of Aviation Medicine ;. Gardener, L. (1972). Theories in phsychology of business. In Attitude and motivational in languages learning (1st ed., Vol. 1, p. 211). Rowley: Newbury house. Kandoyan, N. (2002). Theories in phsychology of business. In A study of performance efficiency in public and private sector organizations (1st ed., Vol. 2, p. 47). Baltimore: John Hopkin University press. Laban, J. (2003). Phychology of thoughts. In Phsychology of customer in business (1st ed., Vol. 1, p. 37). Newyork: Jameson publisher. Martin, S. (1990). Business and people. In Learned optimism (1st ed., Vol. 1, p. 101). Newyork. Maslow, A., Hoffman, E. (1996). Future visions: The unpublished papers of Abraham Maslow. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. Maslow, A. (1999). Maslows theory. In Toward a psychology of being (3rd ed., Vol. 2, p. 120). New York: J. Wiley Sons. Orlando, F., Orlando, F. (1978). Freudian theory. In Toward a Freudian theory of literature: With an analysis of Racines PheÌ€dre (1st ed., Vol. 1, p. 143). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Source document

Monday, October 14, 2019

Urine Culture and Urinalysis Experiment

Urine Culture and Urinalysis Experiment Abstract This lab report analyses the findings of two important tests. These are microbiological analysis of urine on CLED agar plate (urine culture) and biochemical analysis of urine (urinalysis). Urine culture test examined urine sample cultured on cystine-lactose-electrolyte deficient agar plate for any possible bacterial growth after the incubation period. Gram positive or gram negative bacteria growth can be found or not. However the presence of 10 colonies of each in this experiment which were E. coli and S. aureus bacteria indicated either possible contamination of the urine sample or infection of the urinary tract by various disease and disorders of the urinal tract. The biochemical analysis of urine was also done where by the sample urine both positive and negative controls were subjected to tests for presence of different constituents not normally found in normal urine using test strip with absorbent pads capable of testing different constituents by observation of color change. Presence of unexpected urine constituents indicates infection of the urinal tract and sometimes certain diseases, disorders and nutrition imbalance. Introduction Urinalysis which is also termed as biochemical analysis of urine is a biochemical test on urine sample purposely meant to assist in diagnosis of a wide range of urinary tract diseases. Examples of such diseases include high urinary glucose levels in people suffering from diabetes, high ketone bodies levels in urine in situations of ketunia among other urinary disorders. Urine is also subject to immunological analysis and these tests are the ones used to detect pregnancy (Carricajo, 1999). Microbiological analysis of urine also termed as urine culture is a microbial test responsible for detection of pathogenic microbes capable of causing urinal tract diseases and disorders (Martinko, 2005). The enumeration of such microbes for our case is by use of cysteine-lactose and electrolyte-deficient agar mostly abbreviated as CLED agar. However other types of agar media that can be used instead of CLED agar include blood agar and MacConkey agar. CLED agar medium is a non selective medium which is able to support growth of many pathogens found in the urinary tract and has the ability to give a clear differentiation of such pathogens colonies with minimum or no proteus species spread (Kee, 2001). Methodology For biochemical analysis of urine, both positive and negative control samples of urine were conducted by strict following of the instructions by the manufacturer. A test strip detecting eight different substances was dipped into the urine sample, then the strip was taken out and the extra urine was removed by wiping the edge of the strip to the inner side of the tube. The color of the pads on the strip was observed for any changes and the pads were read in the direction of the arrow and within the time given in the container. The reading was recorded and the test was repeated for a negative control urine sample (Clarridge, 1998). For the urine culture test, the cysteine-lactose and electrolyte-deficient agar medium was prepared according to the instructions provided on the label by the manufacturer by first weighing accurately and dissolving in appropriate amount of distilled water. Sterilization of the media was then conducted at 121 degrees Celsius for fifteen minutes in an autoclave (Nunez, 1995). The sterilized media was the poured on to several sterilized plate for solidification and this was done on a clean and sterile microbiology working bench. After obtaining the urine sample for microbial analysis, the sample was mixed gently to avoid foaming and the end of a sterile 10 micro-liter calibrated loop was dipped in the urine sample to just below the surface and was removed vertically. Then the volume of urine within the calibrated loop was inoculated over the entire surface of CLED agar plate, which was then incubated in ambient air overnight at 37 degree Celsius (Chernecky, 2001). Results For the urine culture test, this examined a urine sample cultured on cystine-lactose- electrolyte deficient agar plate for any possible bacterial growth after the incubation period of 24-48hours. Urine culture was positive with two bacterial species growth observed according to the typical colonial morphology and colors on the CLED agar plate. A count of 10 colonies of Gram negative bacteria E.Coli were recorded ÂÂ  on the CLED plate as well as ÂÂ  10 colonies of gram positive S.aureus. The number of colony from each bacterial species isolated on the agar plate was then multiplied by the dilution factor of 1.000.000 to obtain a density of 10.000.000 CFU/L of urine. For urinalysis, a test that enables us detect abnormal constituents of urine such as glucose, protein, ketones bodies, blood and bile pigment, the positive control urine test results showed abnormalities in its constituents by the presence leukocytes, blood, nitrites, proteins and ketones bodies in the sample compared to the negative control urine which showed normal results in its constituents. Discussion of the results Urine is a by product and it is produced in the kidneys and then into the urinary bladder where it accumulates till enough stretching of the bladder walls is achieved which leads to its release via the urethra. Urinalysis is very important to determine whether the urine is normal or if it is from unhealthy individual since it contains different ranges of waste products which should be present in normal urine and others which are not expected in normal urine thus there presence indicates certain diseases and disorders. Urinalysis gives us a clear indication of the internal biochemical processes of the patient under test. According to this experiment, the presence of leukocytes, blood, nitrites, proteins and ketones bodies in the positive control urine sample indicated the following. Presence of leukocytes indicates shows us that the urinary tract from which the urine was obtained was infected and this is evident due to detection of esterase enzyme which is normally absent is normal ur ine. This indicates that this sample of urine should be subjected to further tests like culture test, sensitivity and even microscopy (Kouri, T. (2000). Healthy individuals do not contain ketone bodies in their urine. Therefore presence of ketone bodies in the urine sample tested indicates that the individual was deprived of carbohydrates since ketones and acetones are actually the byproducts of metabolism of the fat. This shows that the individuals was either suffering from diabetes mellitus or he individual was lacking carbohydrates since both of them are possible causes of presence of ketones and acetones in the urine. When urine is detected to have blood, it indicates a condition known as hematuria. Sometimes the blood may not be visible to our naked eyes and this is called microscopic hematuria while sometimes the blood stains are visible to our eyes and this is known as frank hematuria. Many renal conditions exhibit this condition of henaturia. These include renal, urethral and ureteric calculi, acute nephritis, malignant papiloma, renal ca, and chronic kidney diseases and sometimes the administration of sulfonamides or anticoa gulants may cause hematuria (Wallach, 2000, p. 26). The salt of nitrous acid is known as nitrate. So when the urine tests positive of nitrates, it indicates firmly that the urinary tract is infected and possibly by bacteriuria which is an indication of pyelonephritis, cystitis and sometimes urethritis disorders. But sine the second sample of urine did not show any of this constituents, it indicates that the urine came from a healthy individuals. However other dangerous constituents that should not be found in normal urine include urobinogen, glucose, Bilirubin, urobilinogen among others (Henry, 20005). In the case of urine culture test, E. coli is a bacteria that is often found in the gut and it is harmless unless it if finds its way to wrong venue of the body like the bladder. Therefore presence of these bacteria which is a gram positive bacterium detected by pinkish color on the plates and S. aureus which is a gram negative bacteria indicated by bluish or purple coloration on the plate indicated that the person from which the urine was obtained from might be suffering from urinal tract infections mostly the bladder infections. It might also indicate contamination of the urine sample as the results obtained suggests a probable contamination as two bacterial species were isolated and there was no predominance between the two of them (Aspevall, 2000). Conclusion In conclusion, these test results were expected and significant in both urine culture and urinalysis. Urine culture on CLED agar plate was very useful for the growth and enumeration of gram positive and gram negative urinary tract microorganisms while urinalysis was equally essential for providing critical information to assist in diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of wide range of diseases.